Learn crypto
Plain-English guides from total beginner to advanced, organized by topic — what Bitcoin, blockchains, wallets and DeFi actually are, how to buy and stay safe, and the crypto history worth knowing.
What crypto, Bitcoin, Ethereum and wallets actually are — start here.
What is Bitcoin?
Bitcoin explained in plain English — what it is, how it works, why it's capped at 21 million, and why it's risky.
What is Ethereum?
Ethereum and its coin Ether (ETH), explained simply — the 'world computer' behind most of crypto.
What is market cap in crypto?
Market cap explained — why a coin's price alone doesn't tell you how 'big' it is.
What is a stablecoin?
Stablecoins like USDT and USDC explained — coins designed to stay at about $1, and why.
What is a memecoin?
Memecoins like Dogecoin and Shiba Inu explained — where they come from, and why they're extremely risky.
What is a crypto wallet?
Crypto wallets explained — hot vs cold, private keys, and the golden rule of self-custody.
Coin vs Token: What's the Difference in Crypto?
A coin has its own blockchain; a token is built on top of someone else's. Learn the difference between coins and tokens with clear, real crypto examples.
Satoshis, Gwei & Crypto Units Explained
You don't have to buy a whole coin. Learn what satoshis, gwei, wei, and decimals mean so crypto amounts stop being confusing.
Crypto vs Stocks: Key Differences Explained
Crypto and stocks are both investments, but they differ in ownership, trading hours, volatility and regulation. Here's a clear, plain-English side-by-side.
Fiat Money vs Crypto: What's the Difference?
Fiat is government money like the Canadian dollar; crypto is digital money on a network. Learn the real differences in control, supply, and risk.
What Is a Crypto Exchange?
A crypto exchange is the marketplace where people buy and sell coins. Learn how exchanges work, the main types, fees, and the risks involved.
What Is a Satoshi? Bitcoin's Smallest Unit Explained
A satoshi is the smallest unit of Bitcoin — one hundred-millionth of a coin. Learn what a sat is, why it exists, and how the units add up in plain English.
What Is an Altcoin?
An altcoin is any cryptocurrency that is not Bitcoin. Learn what the term covers, the main categories, and why most altcoins are high-risk.
What Is Cryptocurrency? A Plain-English Guide
A plain-English intro to what cryptocurrency actually is, how it works, and the risks to understand before you go near it.
What Is a CBDC (Central Bank Digital Currency)?
What central bank digital currencies are, how they differ from crypto and stablecoins, and the privacy and control debates around them.
The machinery: blockchains, mining, staking, smart contracts, DeFi and NFTs.
What is a blockchain?
A blockchain in plain English — the shared, tamper-resistant record that makes crypto work.
Proof of Work vs Proof of Stake
Proof of work vs proof of stake: two ways blockchains agree on the truth, how each secures the network, and their trade-offs in energy and design.
What Are Gas Fees?
Gas fees explained: why blockchains charge for transactions, what makes fees spike, and how the same action can cost cents one day and a fortune the next.
What Is a Crypto Airdrop?
A crypto airdrop distributes free tokens to wallets. Learn how they work, why projects do them, and the scams to watch for.
What Is a DAO (Decentralized Autonomous Organization)?
A plain-English look at DAOs: member-run crypto organizations governed by tokens and smart contracts, plus their real risks.
What Is a dApp? Decentralized Apps Explained
A dApp is an app that runs on a blockchain instead of a company's servers, powered by smart contracts. Learn how decentralized apps work and their trade-offs.
What Is a Smart Contract?
Smart contracts explained: self-executing programs on a blockchain that run exactly as written. How they work, what they power, and why bugs cost.
What Is an NFT?
NFTs explained: what a non-fungible token actually is, what owning one does and does not mean, real uses beyond art, and the risks and hype involved.
What Is Crypto Mining?
Crypto mining explained: how computers compete to add blocks, earn rewards, and secure networks like Bitcoin. Costs, risks, and energy in plain English.
What Is DeFi (Decentralized Finance)?
DeFi explained: financial services like lending and trading run by code instead of banks. How it works, what it enables, and the serious risks involved.
What Is ERC-20? Ethereum's Token Standard Explained
ERC-20 is the shared rulebook for creating tokens on Ethereum, letting them work in any compatible wallet or app. Here's what it is and why it matters.
What Is Staking?
Staking explained: how locking up coins helps secure proof-of-stake blockchains, how rewards work, and the real risks like slashing and lock-up periods.
What Is the Bitcoin Halving?
The Bitcoin halving: how Bitcoin cuts its new-coin reward in half every four years, why it caps supply at 21 million, and what it does not guarantee.
What Is Web3? The Decentralized Web Explained
Web3 is the idea of an internet built on blockchains, where users own their data and assets. Learn what Web3 means and how it differs from today's web.
Cross-Chain Bridges Explained
How crypto bridges move assets between blockchains, the lock-and-mint mechanism, and why bridges have been the biggest hacking targets in crypto.
Layer 2s and Rollups Explained
How Layer 2 networks and rollups let blockchains handle more transactions for lower fees, and the trade-offs and risks involved.
Liquidity Pools and AMMs Explained
How liquidity pools and automated market makers power decentralized trading, and the real risks like impermanent loss and smart-contract bugs.
What Is a Stablecoin De-Peg?
Why stablecoins are supposed to hold a fixed value, what happens when they lose the peg, and the historical de-pegs that wiped out billions.
What Is Impermanent Loss? A DeFi Risk Explained
Impermanent loss is the hidden cost liquidity providers face when pooled token prices move apart. Learn why it happens and how it can eat your returns.
What Is Tokenomics?
Tokenomics explained: supply, distribution, vesting, and utility, and the red flags that reveal a token designed to enrich insiders.
What Is Wrapped Bitcoin (WBTC)? A Plain-English Guide
Wrapped Bitcoin (WBTC) is a token that represents Bitcoin on the Ethereum blockchain, letting BTC be used in DeFi. Learn how wrapping works and its risks.
What Is Yield Farming in DeFi? Risks and Rewards
Yield farming means earning rewards by lending or supplying crypto to DeFi protocols. Learn how it works, where the yield comes from, and the serious risks.
How to buy in Canada, custody your coins, read the market, and avoid scams.
How to read a crypto chart
The basics of reading a crypto price chart — candles, trend, volume, and support/resistance, in plain English.
Common Crypto Scams (and How to Avoid Them)
Crypto is full of scams: rug pulls, fake giveaways, phishing, and pig butchering. Learn the biggest ones and the simple rules that stop most of them.
How to Buy Bitcoin: A Beginner's Guide (Canada)
A plain-English, educational walkthrough of how buying Bitcoin works through a registered exchange in Canada — the steps, the fees, and how to stay safe.
How to Buy Crypto in Canada
A plain-English, educational walkthrough of how buying crypto works in Canada, from registered exchanges to fees, taxes, and safety.
What Is a Rug Pull? The Crypto Scam Explained
A rug pull is a crypto scam where developers hype a token, then drain its money and vanish. Learn how they work, the red flags, and how to spot one early.
Crypto Volume and Liquidity, Explained
What trading volume and liquidity mean in crypto, how they differ, and why thin markets lead to slippage and big price swings.
Hot vs Cold Wallets: Keeping Crypto Safe
How hot and cold crypto wallets differ, the trade-off between convenience and security, and why you must never share a seed phrase.
Crypto Trading Pairs Explained (BTC/USDT, etc.)
What a crypto trading pair like BTC/USDT means, how base and quote currencies work, and why the same coin has different prices.
What Is a Bitcoin ETF? Spot vs Futures Explained
A Bitcoin ETF lets you get exposure to Bitcoin's price through a regular brokerage, without holding coins yourself. Learn how spot and futures versions differ.
What Is a Hardware Wallet? Cold Storage Explained
A hardware wallet is a physical device that stores your crypto keys offline, away from hackers. Learn how cold storage works and its real-world trade-offs.
What Is a Private Key in Crypto? A Plain-English Guide
A private key is the secret that controls your crypto — whoever holds it owns the coins. Learn what it is, why it matters, and the phrase every holder knows.
What Is a Seed Phrase?
A seed phrase is the master backup for a crypto wallet. Learn how it works and why you must never share it with anyone.
What Is Bitcoin Dominance?
Bitcoin dominance measures Bitcoin's share of the total crypto market cap. Learn what it shows, and its real limitations.
Leverage Trading in Crypto (and Why It's Dangerous)
How leverage and margin work in crypto trading, what liquidation means, and why most retail traders lose money using it.
Perpetual Futures Explained
What perpetual futures are, how the funding rate keeps their price near spot, and why these leveraged contracts are so risky.
The legendary crashes, hacks and moments that shaped crypto.
Who Is Satoshi Nakamoto? Bitcoin's Anonymous Creator
Satoshi Nakamoto is the pseudonymous person or group who invented Bitcoin in 2008 and then vanished. Here's what's known, what isn't, and why it matters.
Bitcoin Pizza Day: 10,000 BTC for Two Pizzas
On May 22, 2010, Laszlo Hanyecz paid 10,000 BTC for two Papa John's pizzas — the first real-world Bitcoin purchase, now crypto's most famous transaction.
Crypto Winters: The Boom-and-Bust Cycle
Crypto has moved in violent boom-and-bust cycles since 2011. A look at the 2018 and 2022 crypto winters, what causes them, and the pattern they share.
The FTX Collapse (2022)
How FTX, a $32B exchange run by Sam Bankman-Fried, imploded in ten days in November 2022 after a leaked balance sheet triggered a bank run.
Mt. Gox: Crypto's First Great Collapse (2014)
How Mt. Gox, once handling ~70% of all Bitcoin trades, lost 850,000 BTC and collapsed in February 2014 — and the lesson it left behind.
The Terra/LUNA Collapse (2022)
In May 2022 the UST stablecoin lost its dollar peg and LUNA fell from ~$80 to near zero in days, erasing roughly $40 billion and deepening a crypto winter.
The 2017 ICO Bubble
In 2017, ICOs raised billions on little more than white papers as Bitcoin neared $20,000. Then the bubble burst — a mania that reshaped crypto regulation.
The DAO Hack (2016) and the Ethereum Fork
In 2016 an attacker drained ~3.6M ETH from The DAO. The fix split Ethereum into two chains — the event that forced 'code is law' into a real decision.
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